The Kratt action plan, read from a company’s point of view

Estonia’s AI and Data Action Plan, still widely called Kratt, covers 2024 to 2026. It is a state programme: capacity building, public sector transformation, data governance, language technology, funding, and alignment with EU AI policy. Most of it is not addressed to private companies, but three strands of it change the environment a private company operates in.

Alignment with the EU AI Act

The plan explicitly aligns with EU AI policy. In practice that means the obligations arriving through the EU AI Act are not going to be softened locally. If your use case touches hiring, credit, or anything the Act treats as higher risk, plan for the European rules rather than hoping for a national carve-out.

Language technology

Estonian is a small language, and general-purpose models handle it unevenly. State investment in language technology matters commercially: it affects whether a customer-facing assistant can work in Estonian well enough to put in front of the public.

Funding and skills

The funding strand is where the plan touches company budgets most directly, through the support measures administered by EIS. The upskilling strand matters more than it looks: tool access without trained people is the most common way a rollout stalls.

• ✳Do not plan around a national exemption from EU AI Act obligations
• ✳Estonian-language capability is improving, which widens what is deployable publicly
• ✳Support measures and upskilling are part of the same plan, not separate tracks